660
INDEX
impedance (
Z) (continued )
mismatches, 187, 188
implicit diversity, 476
impulse noise, 255, 269, 270, 271
in-band signaling, 151152
inbound links, VSAT, 231
independent basic service set (IBSS), 342
independent variables, 604
index of summation, 604
indirect route, 181
inductance, 587593
defined, 588
inductive loading, 101
subscriber loop, 9798
of wire-pair trunks (junctions), 102103
inductive reactance, 597, 598599
infinite traffic sources, 60
information. See also communications
conveying via electrical signals, 19
encoded, 251
useful, 2829
information bandwidth, radio system, 196
information capacity, binary system, 31
information channels, 78
multiplexing methods for, 79
information field
frame relay frame structure, 331332
HDLC frame format, 287
information frame, HDLC, 286
information local switch function, 70
infrastructure mode, 342
ingress noise, CATV system, 451
inheritance tree, 563
initial address message (IAM), 382, 383f, 384
inlets, 59, 67
input/output (I/O) device, 23
insertion gain, 630631
insertion loss, 443, 630631
hybrid device, 77
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
(IEEE), 802 series specifications, 15. See also
IEEE entries
insulators, 33, 575
integrated access device (IAD), 391
intelligence
conveying over the telegraph, 2223
signal conveyance of, 19
intelligible crosstalk, 50
INTELSAT
digital link parameters, 229
FDMA and TDMA with, 221
INTELSAT standard, 220
INTELSAT VIII satellites, 220
interconnection local switch function, 70
interexchange carrier network, 176
interexchange carriers (IXCs), 16
interexchange telecommunications functions, 16
interference
analysis of, 216
avoidance of, 482
confinement of, 482
interframe coding techniques, 419
Interim Local Management Interface (ILMI)
specification, 568571
functions, 569570
service interface, 570571
interleaving, 405
intermediate data rate (IDR) carrier, QPSK
characteristics and transmission parameters for,
229
intermediate frequency (IF), 203
intermodulation (IM) noise, 4950, 269, 270
intermodulation products, 49, 222, 434
international connection bearer channel, controlled
slip performance, 145
international connection links, 174f
international connectivity, 13
International Consultative Committee for Radio
(CCIR), 15. See also CCIR 5-point picture
quality scale
frequency plans, 216
International Consultative Committee for
Telephone and Telegraph (CCITT), 1516. See
also CCITT entries
error performance parameters, 143, 144
out-of-band frequency, 152
slip performance recommendations, 144145
synchronization plans, 141142
international digital hierarchies, 125f
international link synchronization, 141142
international Morse code, 22
international signaling networks, 374375
international signaling point (ISP), 375
international signaling point code (ISPC)
numbering plan, 377378
International Standards Organization (ISO),
278279, 280
international switching center (ISC), 176, 178, 181
internet, data communications for, 251
internet control message protocol (ICMP), 324
internet datagram, 325. See also datagram routing
method
internet protocol (IP), 319. See also IP entries;
transmission control protocol/internet protocol
(TCP/IP)
internetworking equipment, in troubleshooting, 543
interoffice signaling, 361
interregister signaling, 150, 154, 155
intersymbol interference (ISI), 214, 233, 234, 268,
272, 465, 476
intraframe coding techniques, 419
intranets, 292
invalid frames, 332
inverted sideband, 81
IP connectivity, 357. See also internet protocol (IP)
IP layer, 325
IP packets, 389, 393f
used for VoIP, 392
IP routing algorithm, 322324
ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network[s]), 13,
251, 327328
signaling system for, 151, 361
protocols, 315
ISDN user part (ISUP), 364
ISO (International Standardization Organization),
15
isotropic receive level (IRL), 204, 206
calculation of, 205
ITU (International Telecommunication Union), 15
Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R), 15
Telecommunication Standardization Sector
(ITU-T), 15
ITU-R recommendations, 15